小白教程 | 在Linux中安装Nginx并配置服务器
很多人都听过nginx的大名,然而对于nginx的详细了解却不多,Linux服务器配置的经验也不多。这篇文章就是一个配置教程。对于服务器配置,如果没有专门的联系和熟悉,轻易调整服务器很容易造成生产事故。因此这里专门给大家整理了一份详细的服务器配置教程,给各位做一个参考。
首先到Nginx官网下载tar.gz格式的安装包,这里下载的是nginx-1.10.3版本,环境使用centos的虚拟机
1、将安装包上传,解压,命令tar -xvf nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz;
2、自定义创建一个文件夹作为Nginx安装目录,这里在home下创建nginx文件夹;
3、在解压的文件夹(nginx-1.10.3)下执行./configure –prefix=/home/nginx 命令。
意思即配置安装环境,将会把Nginx安装到/home/nginx下;
若出现缺少依赖包则先安装依赖包,以下纯净centos mini版碰到的两个依赖包问题
出现上面这个执行 yum -y install pcre-devel 安装依赖,
出现这个yum install -y zlib-devel 安装依赖,
若还有其他依赖问题,根据缺少的文件提示安装相应的东西;
4、编译:在解压的文件夹下先后执行make 和 make install 命令
5、Nginx默认使用端口是80,这里直接先把Nginx端口改为8088,vi /home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf,修改server的端口,并配置一个图片服务器
#user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server { listen 8088; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png)$ { expires 24h; root /home/images/;#指定图片存放路径 access_log /home/nginx/logs/images.log;#图片 日志路径 proxy_store on; proxy_store_access user:rw group:rw all:rw; proxy_temp_path /home/images/;#代理临时路径 proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host 127.0.0.1; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 1280k; proxy_connect_timeout 900; proxy_send_timeout 900; proxy_read_timeout 900; proxy_buffer_size 40k; proxy_buffers 40 320k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 640k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 640k; if ( !-e $request_filename) { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8088;#代理访问地址 } } location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443 ssl; # server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} }
server下listen的端口改为8088,并增加一个location配置,用于访问图片文件,这一串配置有#号在前面的注释掉的都可以删掉,免得看起来又长又乱。
6、启动命令: /home/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf。
打开防火墙对应端口供访问,8088,当然也可以直接关了防火墙。
若修改了nginx.conf配置,则需要重启才生效,命令:/home/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
7、访问。
输入ifconfig命令查看虚拟机ip,测试:
在/home/images下放张图片,测试访问: